Terminology B - C
From Voices for Ohio's Children
Baby FAST
Baby FAST, developed by Dr. Lynn McDonald, is a research based family support - multifamily group, prevention program for infants (0-3).The activities fit the developmental needs of the infant, the new young mother, the new father and/or the grandmother while building relationships. This new program was developed to apply the new brain research, and to build social capital for new mothers, and to supplement existing home visiting programs. Baby FAST is a multi-family group process that brings together families of new mothers (especially high school teenagers) to build and to enhance the relationships of young new parents in 8 weekly meetings.
Useful Website: http://www.wcer.wisc.edu/fast/how/Baby_FAST/
Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law
The Bazelon Center focuses on legal issues related to mental health. Staff attorneys provide technical support on mental health issues in cases, serve as co-counsel, and collaborate with local organizations on mental health advocacy. Their website contains legal resources, news and numerous special publications and reports on mental-health related issues.
Useful Website: http://www.bazelon.org
BBCC (Better Baby Care Campaign)
The Better Baby Care Campaign was a national initiative to encourage and support states and communities to promote the healthy development of babies, toddlers, and their families. The initiative is based on the idea that every infant and toddler should have good health, strong families, and positive learning experiences.
BBY (Building Blocks for Youth)
BBY primarily deals with juvenile justice issues concerning disproportionate youth of color. The website contains links to reports and research categorized by issue.
Useful Website: http://www.buildingblocksforyouth.org
BCCD (Bureau of Child Care and Development, ODJFS)
This Bureau works to improve the availability and quality of childcare, especially subsidized care, so that all adults caring for children will have access to the services and supports they need to care for children.
Useful Website: http://jfs.ohio.gov/cdc/childcare.stm
BCMH (Bureau for Children with Mental Handicaps)
BCMH is a state-administered program which operates within the Ohio Department of Health (ODH). The Bureau promotes early identification of children with handicapping conditions and treatment of those children by appropriate healthcare providers. Their mission is to assure, through the development and support of high quality coordinated systems, that children with special healthcare needs and their families obtain comprehensive care and services which are family-centered, community-based, and culturally sensitive.
Useful Website: http://www.uclid.org:8080/uclid/public/uclid-service-details.tdf?ServiceRequestStatusCode=3&ServiceID=921
BI (Build Initiative)
A multi-state partnership that supports efforts to ensure that children from birth to age five are safe, healthy, eager to learn, and ready to succeed in school. The partnership helps states to construct a coordinated system of programs, policies, and services that respond to children and their families by supporting those who set up the policies, provide services, and advocate for children. Build’s mission is to respond to the needs of families, while carefully using public and private resources, and effectively preparing youth for future success. As a Build partner, Ohio receives grant money and technical assistance to support early childhood system building.
Useful Websites:
http://www.buildinitiative.org/
http://www.familiesandwork.org/sparking/build/build_oh.htm
Bindover Hearing
A hearing where the court determines whether your child’s case should go forward in juvenile court or be transferred to adult court.
CAE (Council of Agency Executives)
An organization of the Chief Professional Officer/Executive Director of each United Way partner agency.
CAFS (Community Alternative Funding System)
Uses Medicaid funding to pay for special services through schools and the Mental Retardation/Developmental Disorder (MR/DD) system. CAFS paid for day program services for people enrolled on a Home and Community Based Waiver, as well as people who live in Medicaid MR/DD facilities. CAFS also paid for therapy services for children in special education classes for about 1/3 of Ohio public schools. In August, 2004, the Ohio Department of Job and Family Services received a document from the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services outlining areas of non-compliance in the structure and processes that served as the framework of CAFS. Findings generated by this document resulted in the closure of the CAFS program on June 30, 2005.
Useful Website: http://jfs.ohio.gov/ohp/CAFSFactSheet.pdf
Cancellation of Removal
A discretionary benefit adjusting status from that of deportable alien to one lawfully admitted for permanent residence. Application for cancellation of removal is made during the hearing before an immigration judge.
CAPTA (Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act)
Federal law introduced in 1974 with the goal of increasing identification, reporting, and investigation of child abuse and neglect in order to encourage community-based protection of children. CAPTA provides a national definition of child abuse and neglect, defines the federal role in the prevention of child maltreatment, and provides funding to states that pass child abuse prevention laws. The Keeping Children Safe Act of 2003 amended and reauthorized the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA - PL 108-36), and was signed into law on June 25, 2003.
Useful Website: http://www.naswdc.org/advocacy/updates/2003/030503.asp
Care Coordination
A set of responsibilities, performed by a Care Coordinator, which includes meeting the child and family, conducting a strengths, needs, and culture discovery, and convening a Child and Family Team meeting to develop a wraparound plan of care that identifies the child/family goals and the formal and informal resources available or needed to support the child and family in achieving their goals. It also involves assuring that services and supports are provided, monitoring the impact of services and supports, ongoing assessment of service and family needs, and recommendation for case closing and ongoing services and supports when the family and child have achieved their goals.
Care Coordination Partnership
A partnership of at least one Children and Family Services’ contracted Neighborhood Collaborative and one Mental Health Board agency contracted to provide Medicaid services with residential services capacity, that are willing to provide Care Coordination services within their geographic area of Cuyahoga County.
Case Law
Law followed by the courts that has been established over time through prior court rulings.
Case Management/Manager
The work performed by social service staff that coordinates many aspects of a person’s life.
CBCL (Child Behavior CheckList)
This checklist serves as a standardized measure of behavior and emotional problems of children ages 6-18, as well as a preschool version for children 1 ½ to 5 years of age. An observer, such as a teacher or parent, provides information regarding the activities, relationships, and educational performance of the child by checking off behaviors the child engages in or emotions they display. The checklist includes subscales that help to identify specific behavior or emotional problems in children such as aggression, depression, thought problems, or affective problems.
Useful Website: http://www.aseba.org/products/cbcl6-18.html
CCAC (ChildCare Advisory Council)
The CCAC advises the Ohio Department of Job and Family Services on matters affecting licensing childcare centers. In order to do this, the CCAC reviews, proposes, and makes recommendations in consideration of childcare laws.
Useful Website: http://jfs.ohio.gov/cdc/docs/DCAC04AnnualReport.pdf
CCD (Consortium on Citizens with Disabilities)
Consortium on Citizens with Disabilities, of which The Arc is a leading member, brings together all the major disability advocacy organizations in the United States to influence legislation and administrative policy at the federal level.
Useful Website: http://www.c-c-d.org/
CCDF (Child Care Development Fund)
A federal program that assists low-income, working families, by providing block grant funding that supports early care and education services. The funding subsidizes childcare and education services in order to help parents making the transition from public assistance to jobs, job training, or education programs. Additionally, funding focuses on preparing children for school, supporting the economic self-efficiency of families, and guiding children and their families in their social, emotional, and cognitive development.
Useful Website: http://www.workworld.org/wwwebhelp/child_care_and_development_fund_ccdf_.htm
CCF
Local community corrections facilities.
CCG (County Collaborative Group)
The Help Me Grow Collaborative of Cuyahoga County is the local CCG. Each county in Ohio has a CCG that oversees Early Intervention services in that specific county.
CCHC (Child Care Health Consultants)
Child Care Health Consultants (Registered Nurses) are available in every county across the state to assist child care providers with general health and safety issues. CCHCs can provide information from asthma to diabetes to providers, as well as consultation on children’s immunization records and licensing compliance reports. The nurses will not provide recommendations or specific care plans for children with special health care plans, but can provide information on how a family can obtain health insurance, if applicable, and how to locate pediatric services.
Useful Website: http://www.occrra.org/hcco_consult.htm
CCR&R (Child Care Resource and Referral Organizations)
Local agencies that help parents and guardians find quality childcare and child care resources in their community. CCR&R not only provides referrals to childcare providers, but also provides information on state and licensing requirements over the phone, in person, or any other way necessary.
Useful Websites:
http://occrra.org/
http://www.childcareaware.org/en/about/
CCS (Central Coordinating Site)
Contact location in each county for families seeking information about services for children with, or at-risk for developing, special needs.
CDA (Child Development Associate Credentialing Program)
A program designed to assess and credential early care and education professionals based on their performance. Caregivers with some experience and training may apply directly to the council when ready for assessment, or they may apply to the Council’s one year training program. Receiving a CDA Credential means that he/she is able to meet the specific needs of children and work with others in an effort to nurture the physical, social, emotional, and intellectual growth of children within a developmental framework. To date, there are over 150,000 CDA’s across the country!
Useful Website: http://www.cdacouncil.org/
CDF (Children’s Defense Fund)
The Children’s Defense Fund is a private nonprofit organization concerned with giving a voice to children who can not advocate for themselves. The CDF has a section on juvenile justice issues with fact sheets, reports, and links to other organizations.
Useful Website: http://www.childrensdefense.org
Central Intake & Referral Site
See CCS (Above)
CFC (Combined Federal Campaign)
This campaign governs all fundraising activities done by federal agencies. Federal employees and active armed forces are solicited throughout their place of employment. The campaign is operated by the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) as mandated by government regulations.
CFK (Connect for Kids)
Connect for Kids makes the best use of communications technologies, specifically the Internet, to give adults – parents, grandparents, guardians, educators, advocates, policymakers, elected officials and others – the tools and information they need to improve the lives of children, youth and families. The Connect for Kids online publication covers more than 30 topics ranging from arts to youth development, foster care to adoption, and welfare reform to oral health. Each week, CFK produces a free, new e-newsletter, CFK Weekly, which provides a run-down for advocates on the latest issues affecting children and families.
Useful Website: http://www.connectforkids.org
Chapin Hall Center for Children
The University of Chicago’s Center for Children concentrates on five core issues: Economic Programs for Youth and Families, Child Welfare Services, Community Resources for Child and Youth Development, Community Development Strategies, and Education. Reports on juvenile justice include a 2005 Issue Brief: Focusing Juvenile Justice on Positive Youth Development.
Useful Website: http://www.chapinhall.org
Child and Family Team
This is a team selected by the child and family, usually consisting of the four to eight people who know the child and family the best, who assist the child and family to develop an individualized plan that is strength based, child centered and family focused. The process focuses on strengthening the natural family, extended family and social supports of the child and family by involving them in the planning and implementation process.
Child Find
System developed to locate eligible children for Early Intervention services.
Child Health
The physical, mental, and oral health care that a child from birth through adulthood requires and should receive in order to achieve and maintain optimal physical and mental development. This health care includes immunizations, well-baby visits, preventive care, developmental screenings, regular dental visits, annual physicals, and attention to the variety of health care needs that arise due to sickness, injury, emergencies, and chronic conditions throughout childhood.
Child’s Plea
A plea is a child’s answer to the charge made against her. A child can either admit or deny the charge. A plea takes place at the detention hearing or arraignment hearing. Admitting the charge means the next step will be a hearing for the court to take the plea. Denying the charge means the next hearing will be scheduled so a child’s case can proceed through the court process. Depending on the court’s local procedures, the next hearing will either be a pretrial hearing or an adjudication hearing (trial).
Child with a Disability
A child evaluated in accordance with rule 3301-51-06 of the Ohio Administrative Code having a cognitive disability (mental retardation), a hearing impairment including deafness, a speech or language impairment, a visual impairment including deafness, a speech or language impairment, a visual impairment including blindness, emotional disturbance, an orthopedic impairment, autism, traumatic brain injury, a specific learning disability, deaf-blindness, or multiple disabilities, and who, by reason thereof, needs special education and related services.
CHIP (Children’s Health Insurance Program)
Designed for families who earn too much money to qualify for Medicaid, yet cannot afford to buy private insurance for their children. CHIP coverage provides eligible children with coverage for a full range of health services including regular checkups, immunizations, prescription drugs, lab tests, X-rays, hospital visits and more.
Useful Website: http://www.hhsc.state.tx.us/chip/index.html
CIP (Center for Innovative Practices)
Based in Ohio, the mission of the Center for Innovative Practices (CIP) is to increase access to and availability of evidence-based and best practice mental health interventions for youth and their families. CIP provides training and technical assistance and focuses on integrating evidenced-based and promising practices with systems of care. CIP is part of the Access to Better Care (ABC) initiative in Ohio. Their website has numerous resources on model programs.
Useful Website: http://www.cipohio.org
Citizen Review
The accountability process in distribution of funds raised in the annual campaign. Volunteers representing all sectors of the community serve on the allocation panels called Investment Committees, and they provide a citizen review of core programs funded by United Way. The United Way panels have been renamed and realigned to mirror the four external issue-oriented Community Vision Councils, plus an additional panel to address core services that align with one or more Investment Committees. These citizen review teams make funding recommendations for United Way dollars to sustain and protect the health and human services safety net of care in large measure provided by United Way partner agencies. In addition to funding decisions on core services, these volunteers, who include those with issues expertise from each of the Vision Councils, also determine long-term investment decisions to support the priorities of the community-wide health and human services agenda.
Civil Rights Project-Harvard University
The Civil Rights Project at Harvard University aims to help renew the civil rights movement by bridging the worlds of ideas and action, and by becoming a preeminent source of intellectual capital and a forum for building consensus within that movement. The project has a focus on disparate treatment of youth in the educational system and their website provides information on the School to Prison Pipeline initiative.
Useful Website: http://www.civilrightsproject.harvard.edu
CLC (Children’s Law Center, Inc.)
The Children’s Law Center, Inc. is a nonprofit legal services center for children. Priorities include juvenile justice, child welfare, and education issues generally, as well as emphasis on improving the quality of and accessibility to legal representation, for children in Kentucky and Ohio. CLC provides quality legal representation, research and policy development, and training and education to attorneys and others regarding the rights of children.
Useful Website: http://www.childrenslawky.org/
Clerk of Courts
Department of the court that handles court records, schedules court hearings, and mails court documents. Often also appoints an attorney for the people who cannot afford one. They collect court fines at the clerk’s office. Court documents are “filed” with the clerk. These documents will receive a date and time stamp by the clerk so all parties will know when they were filed.
Clinical Services
Refers to named mental health and/or alcohol and drug services provided by a licensed clinician often apart from the usual surroundings of a child and family. One of the goals of Cuyahoga Tapestry Integrated System of Care is to make the intensity of clinical services available within the neighborhood or community that is home to the child and family.
Clinical Significance
Direct observation that is objective and void of emotion that has meaning and is applicable to the situation. If an observation is clinically significant, it has practical meaning for patients and healthcare providers, and results of the observation are important, useful, and applicable to further research and/or treatment options. It is important to remember that an effect can be statistically significant and not clinically significant if it has no practical implications. Clinical significance is important for the diagnosis and treatment of child health issues.
CMS (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services)
The federal agency that administers Medicare and Medicaid and regulates the certification of agencies and care facilities for people with mental retardation.
Useful Website: http://www.cms.hhs.gov/
Coalition for Juvenile Justice
The Coalition is a membership organization concerned with advocating on issues relating to the juvenile justice system such as trying youth in adult court, unequal treatment of youth of color in the system, untreated mental health needs, holding youth in adult jails, youth’s right to legal counsel, prevention, and in-home and community rehabilitation. Their website has numerous fact sheets and data related to youth in the juvenile justice system. Useful Website: http://www.juvjustice.org
COEDI (Children’s Ohio Eligibility Determination Instrument)
A test to determine the eligibility of persons for state and county Mental Retardation/Developmental Disorder (MR/DD) services.
Cognitive Disability (Mental Retardation)
Significantly sub-average general intellectual functioning, existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period, adversely affecting educational performance.
Commitment to the Department of Youth Services
A sentence which sends your child to the Department of Youth Services for a minimum period of time and possibly up to the age of 21.
Community/Home Detention
Alternative to Juvenile detention that is used to supervise youth who can safely reside at home or with other relatives/guardians. Detention staff visit the home frequently at unannounced and random times to ensure that youth are not involved in delinquent activity. These frequent visits, as well as phone contact, ensure that the youth show up at court appearances. The amount of supervision can be adjusted depending on the juvenile’s behavior – supervision and freedom can be increased or decreased. Home detention can vary, but generally there are tight curfews and activities are limited to pre-approved events, locations, and times (home, school, church, and work for example).
Community Response Fund
United Way’s venture funding mechanism that allows the organization to respond proactively to critical community needs, problems and target populations. The Community Response Fund is comprised of four funding mechanisms – Admissions, AIDS Funding Collaborative, Youth Fund Distribution and Contingency Fund.
Community Vision Council
Established as a permanent body by the Board of Directors in the spring of 2001, the Council represents a broad-based group of volunteers from the public and private sector in partnership with United Way, working together toward a community-wide, long-term agenda to improve the quality of life for Greater Clevelanders. Along with the Council are four permanent coordinating committees aligned to the Council’s four priority areas of children and families, seniors, education and employment, and health and wellness. The Council evolved from a United Way Board initiative that convened a 19-member blue-ribbon volunteer team called the Community Vision Leadership Council to review United Way’s allocation approach to explore how to maximize the impact of limited charitable resources. This body recommended United Way’s new approach to funding of partnerships focused on solutions for our community’s health and human service priorities. This led to a revised United Way mission statement. Currently more than 200 volunteers are engaged in what is now an external initiative with many committed public and private partners, including United Way of Greater Cleveland.
Competency Evaluation
A child's attorney may decide to request a competency evaluation if the attorney has concerns about a child’s ability to assist them or to fully understand the court proceeding. Usually the court will ask a mental health professional to assess whether a child is capable of consulting with and assisting their attorney and whether your child understands the charges and court proceedings. The court hears evidence on a child’s mental, emotional, social, and intellectual capacities. The court determines whether a child is able to assist his lawyer in his defense at trial and understand the court proceedings.
Complaint
A written, signed report of an alleged violation of federal or state statutes, regulations, rules, or constructions, and a request that the alleged violation be investigated.
Comprehensive Health Insurance
Health insurance that provides coverage from the majority of necessary health care services, including preventive, screening, diagnostic, treatment and emergency care.
Confession
When a child tells the police that he did the act in question.
Confidentiality
The protection, by law, of personal information found in records about a child and family that cannot be shared without written parental consent.
ConnectMeOhio
An accessible web site for Ohio consumers, caregivers and providers who are looking for up-to-date information about programs and services for people with disabilities, no matter how old they are or where they live. It is also a site for providers to list the services they offer.
Useful Website: http://www.connectmeohio.org/en/oh/cgi-bin/index_ohio.asp
Consent
There are three parts to consent:
- The parent has been fully informed of all relevant information about the activity for which consent is sought in the native language of the parent or another mode of communication.
- The parent understands and agrees in writing to the carrying out of the activity and lists the records, if any, that will be released and by whom they will be accessed.
- The parent understands that granting consent is voluntary on their part and may be revoked at any time.
Continuance
An order by a judge or magistrate to postpone a court date to a future date.
Copayment or Co-pay
A fixed dollar amount that a member of a health plan has to pay for specific health services, as such as visits to a physician or prescription drugs.
Core Services
Fundamental, human need, safety-net services, which cover a wide array of programs. These are human services programs that are essential to a thriving community and further articulated as essential for Greater Clevelanders to succeed as defined within the context of the Community Vision Council goals and priorities. This safety net of care remains a funding priority of United Way of Greater Cleveland, along with the additional emphasis on funding long-term solutions by United Way’s Investment Committees.
Correctional Institution
A facility which provides secure detention, punishment, and rehabilitation for youth convicted of a crime, owned and operated by a unit of government and supported at least partially through tax revenues. Social services, education, and medical care are provided by the institution.
Cost Shifting
When the cost of uncompensated care provided to the uninsured or underinsured is passed on to the insured by charging one group of patients more in order to make up for underpayment by others. Cost shifting requires increasing revenues from some payers (privately insured and self-pay) to offset losses and lower net payments from other payers. Underpayment by public insurance programs such as Medicaid, can also lead to cost shifting to the insured.
Council
Another name for a lawyer or an attorney.
Court Appointed Council
An attorney appointed by the court to represent your child at their request. This attorney can be either a public defender or a private attorney.
CPPC (Community Partnerships for Protecting Children)
This initiative seeks to enhance the ability of communities to protect children from abuse and neglect by encouraging everyone – from government agencies to nonprofit groups to residents – to assume responsibility for the safety of children. Community Partnerships educate and empower a large variety local community groups in order to broaden the sense of responsibility of child safety in the community.
Useful Website: http://emcf.org/programs/children/
CPS (Child Protective Services)
The Child Services Board begins providing child protective services (CPS) once an allegation of abuse or neglect has been brought to the attention of the agency. Referrals are investigated by interviewing the child and their family in order to determine the type of services needed and the ability of the family to accept and use help. The end result is the providing of child protective services by Child Services Board (CSB) that will protect neglected/abused children and aid parents with changing their behavior. Major programs and services of CSB include the Family Preservation Program (FPP), out-of-home care, including foster care and adoptive services, in-home services such as visits and consultations, educational transitioning services from foster care to adulthood, and Child Welfare (CW) services. The need for CW is investigated and approved by the CSB. CSB then helps develop child welfare contracts using the resources and services of public and private agencies and county governments that provide county-wide, jointly financed, and state administered child welfare programs.
Useful Website: http://www.dfps.state.tx.us/handbooks/CPS_Handbook/CPS1000-1400.htm#1142-2%20Development%20of%20Child%20Welfare%20Contracts
Crisis Plan
A separate plan developed within the Wraparound planning process to stabilize any immediate safety or crisis issues and to specify steps that are to be taken to respond to potential safety and crisis issues in the future.
Crisis Services
Services to help youth or their families in emergencies, or when action must take place on an urgent basis, to resolve behavioral and environmental problems.
Cross-Examination
When a lawyer asks questions of the other side’s witness in a trial.
CSB (Child Services Board)
See CPS (Above)
Custody
A minor is in the custody of the person who has the legal right to control what he does and must make sure basic needs are met. Parents or guardians usually have custody of a minor. However if the child is sent to the Department of Youth Services (DYS), they will have custody of your child until release.
CW (Child Welfare)
See CPS (Above)
CWLA (Child Welfare League of America)
The CWLA is a membership-based organization dedicated to promoting child well-being and safety. The Juvenile Justice Division of the CWLA contains several reports and resources, as well as facts and figures, on Juvenile Justice and Child Maltreatment. It provides “consultation, training, and technical assistance to implement systems integration and reform and to implement appropriate and effective responses to reduce juvenile delinquency and juvenile victimization.”
Useful Website: http://www.cwla.org
CYWD (Center for Young Women’s Development)
Based in San Francisco, the Center’s mission is to inspire and empower young women who have been involved with the juvenile justice system and/or the underground street economy to create positive change in their lives and communities. Their website has descriptions of their programs, success stories, community resources for local women, and news briefs.
Useful Website: http://www.cywd.org
